Sunday 11 January 2015

The objective of China and Islamic Civilization Sailing

Compare Cruise Destinations And Exploration Among Civilizations China With Islamic Civilization.

Introduction:

     Cruise means traveling or walking all over in using the waterway.
     Exploration mean business research, study and explore new kawasn found or occupied.
     Background history of navigation and exploration (P & P) China.
     Background history (P & P) Islamic Civilization.
     Introduction to Chinese civilization and Islam.

  Contents:

Expanding Influence:

     In order to strengthen political Islam, many exploration of new areas created by the Islamic government. While the government Abdul Malik Bin Marwan and Al Walid bin Abd. Malik whole of North Africa, West Siberia and North India is dominated by the Muslim army.
     During the reign of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu Ti have sent missions to Yueh Chih with the aim to provide resistance Hsiung Nu tribes threatening the border areas of North China. The mission ended successfully. China gained control of most of Central Asia, including the Tarim Basin. In the first century AD, General Pan Chao was appointed viceroy of Kashgar and extend its influence to the border of Syria.

trade:

     At the time of Caliph Al - Walid, on Muslim merchants had organized trade relations to China. Muslim traders known as the earliest traders dominate the sea route between East and West. They had trade contacts with traders in Southeast Asia, India and China. They gained control of the spice trade and the silk from the East.
     Exploration China also to the interests of trade so successfully found the Silk Road to the west. In this way they have brought valuable silk flag to Europe and brought back the merchandise from the west such as fur and jewels. Ships - China merchant ship reached Cittigara, East Java and Maluku Islands. Under the shelter of Emperor Yung Lo, Admiral Cheng Ho (1371 - 1434) has led the expedition voyages to Southeast Asia to expand trade with the tribute system.

  Religion:

     Exploration objective is to spread the message of Islam. At the time of Rasulullah saw, he sent Muaz bin Jabal to Yemen to dakwh activities. At the time of Caliph Umar bin Abdul Aziz, many Islamic missionaries who toured the world to spread Islam. Sheikh Abdul Aziz among preachers who successfully convert Melaka, Sheikh Ismail spread Islam in Acheh and Maulana Ibrahim to Gerisik Java.
     In 399 AD, Chinese people do exploration to India to increase knowledge and studying Buddhism. Missionary Fa Xian has crossed the Taklamakan desert on his way to India. He tried to learn the true Buddha and then return to China by road. Missionary Xuang - Zang had traveled to India via Samarkhan and Bactria and raised a Buddhist holy book to take to China.

Science:

     Exploration done by Muslims also aims to increase knowledge. Through these activities people can study the science of Islamic civilization like India, Italy and Andalusia. The arrival of Islam to Egypt led many Greek intellectual works translated into Arabic and Persian. Medicine, astronomy and mathematics, Greece and India were studied and influenced the development of Islamic intellectuals.
     China shipping figures like Hsuan - Tsang, I - Ching and Fa Hsien traveled with the aim of improving knowledge, especially related to the Sanskrit language, culture and religion. Fa - Hsien succeeded in producing a book that gives a complete description of the political, economic and social life of India. I - Ching managed to collect 4,000 copies containing 500,000 seloka Naritaka of india and translated into 230 volumes.

Diplomatic:

     Islamic governments have sent envoys aims to establish diplomatic relations with foreign countries. In the time of Prophet Muhammad have sent a message to Persia and Ethiopia. Messenger Prophet Muhammad welcomed by the government. Sultan of Aceh, Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah (1588 - 1604) sent a delegation to Istanbul to meet with Sultan Ahmad I, Sultan of Turkey in return for higher animals have been sent to the Sultan of Aceh.
     In the first century BC Chinese people traveling with the purpose of political mission. Chinese delegation has arrived to Constinopel and make contacts with the Roman empire. On the 15th - century AD, Emperor Ming sent a mission to have diplomatic relations with the Malacca Sultanate. This will expand the influence and power of China

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